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艾滋病可能在中国迅速蔓延

新华社北京五月二十五日电 中国科学院生物学部的专家日前呼吁迅速控制艾滋病在中
国的蔓延,以避免艾滋病流行带来的严重后果。
中科院专家在向国务院提交的一份咨询报告中指出,控制艾滋病在吸毒、卖淫、同性
恋等高危人群中的蔓延,是控制这一致死性传染病在全国蔓延的关键。
报告提供的统计数字显示,经注射毒品传播艾滋病是目前中国艾滋病的主要传播方式,
在云南、新疆、广西、四川、广东等地的局部地区,已经出现了艾滋病病毒感染的爆发流
行。目前,艾滋病病毒在吸毒人群中仍以惊人的速度扩散。
报告指出,艾滋病传播的另外一个主要途径是血液传播。统计资料显示,中国经供血
感染艾滋病病毒的病例占总报告艾滋病病毒感染数的比例,在世界上,即使是在发展中国
家,也是比较高的。尽管中国卫生部从一九九五年就要求每一份输血都要做艾滋病病毒抗
体检查,但全国农村地区多数县级和县级以下医院目前尚没有能力对每一份血液都进行艾
滋病病毒抗体检查。
此外,通过性接触和母婴传播感染艾滋病病毒的人数也在增加。
据卫生部估计,中国今年艾滋病病毒感染人数将超过五十万人;如果控制不力,中国
艾滋病感染人数在二0一0年可能超过一千万。
专家在报告中指出,艾滋病的迅速蔓延将给家庭和社会造成巨大损失。中国预防医学
科学院的一项研究表明,中国百分之十六点八的艾滋病病毒感染者是五岁以下儿童的父母。
这些儿童在未成年时就可能失去父母,无人抚养。患者因感染艾滋病而需要的医疗费用以
及少创造的社会价值等也将造成巨大的社会经济损失。
为此专家呼吁,学习世界上控制艾滋病流行的成功经验,尽快出台相关法规和政策,
支持并保护各级艾滋病防治工作人员对卖淫妇女开展宣传推广避孕套和对静脉吸毒人群开
展注射器交换以美沙酮替代维持的工作。
他们还呼吁,强化安全血液供应的法制管理,明确职责,加大执法力度,保护病人的
合法权利。


xinhua news agency bulletin, 25 may 2000
china: government urged to control spread of hiv/aids

beijing, may 25 (xinhua) - experts from the chinese academy of sciences
(cas) have urged the government to take measures to control the spread of
hiv/aids to avoid a future crisis.

the key to harnessing the deadly infectious disease lies in the prevention
of hiv/aids among drug addicts, prostitutes, homosexuals and other people
who are under greater threat of the disease, experts from the division of
biology in the cas pointed out in a report to the state council.

statistics in the report show that intravenous drug users are china's
biggest population of hiv/aids casualties. in some areas in yunnan,
xinjiang, guangxi, sichuan and guangdong where there are large numbers of
drug addicts, the spread of hiv is rampant.
the report said that blood transfusions are another major source of hiv
infection, because some grass-roots hospitals in china do not follow the
rules of the ministry of health and still use donated blood that has not
undergone hiv testing.

the numbers of people who are infected through sexual contact or from
mothers to children are also increasing.

the ministry of health estimated that the total number of hiv/ aids patients
in china will reach 500,000 this year, and it might be 20 times the figure
by the year 2010 if no effective disease-control measures are taken.

the cas experts urged the government to issue laws and regulations on the
prevention of the disease.

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